* This is my article in BusinessWorld last April 5, 2018.
See also:
BWorld 199, Charity and giving should not be legislated, March 27, 2018
BWorld 200, IPR in the ASEAN and plain packaging in the West, April 03, 2018
BWorld 201, Expanded environmental rights and anti-coal drama, April 05, 2018
“Every man has a property in his own person. This nobody
has a right to, but himself.”
— John Locke (1632-1704, considered the father of classical liberalism)
The forced closure for several months by the Duterte
government of all resorts, hotels, restaurants and shops in Boracay, both
errant and compliant enterprises, raises the question of private property
protection and compensation for the affected private owners.
NEDA has announced that the closure of the entire island
from tourism is “very insignificant, only 0.1% of GDP.”
On Twitter, I asked NEDA, DoT, DENR, and Malacañang if
they will compensate the losses of the environment-compliant enterprises,
especially since the amount is “very insignificant” anyway. Or would the
Duterte government not care because this is just tourism in Boracay and not in
Davao? As expected, the response I got from the government was the sound of
silence.
In 2017, at least 3.7 million people visited the island,
less than a million of which came from abroad.
There was also a surge in tourist arrivals in the first
quarter of 2018 partly due to cruise ships that visited Boracay. For this year,
27 cruise ships were set to visit the island and some have already canceled.
Tourism is an important revenue earner for an economy or
a country. The Philippines being an archipelago with lots of beautiful islands
and white sand beaches is unable to optimize this potential yet. For instance,
tourism receipts in 2016 was only one-third (⅓) that of Malaysia and Singapore
and one-eighth (⅛) that of Thailand.
In terms of visitor arrivals, the nearly six million
visitors in 2016 was good enough but at the rate Cambodia is attracting
visitors, it might overtake the Philippines in about three years (see table 1).
A rising tourism earner in the Philippines is the gaming
sector. Huge hotels and casino resorts have sprouted in Metro Manila and more
are poised to come in.
A friend who works in one of the big hotels at the
Entertainment City told me that the minimum bet at the casino is P2,000; the
maximum bet of course is the stratosphere. Only rich locals and foreigners
would have the resources to make that kind of bet. The extent of job creation
in the casino is very high with lots of workers and security officers being
employed.
Revenues for the big hotels and the government-owned
gaming regulator and operator at the same time, PAGCOR, are huge (see table 2).
Based on these numbers, one thing is noticeable —
revenues from Philippine Offshore Gaming Operations (POGO). These are
Philippines-based online gaming outfits that exclusively serve foreign markets
and players (which means people in the Philippines cannot access their games).
The same friend told me that the bulk of gamers in this new trend are from
China.
In terms of installed capacity, Pagcor has the biggest
number of electronic gaming machines with 9,751 in 2017 vs. Okada’s 2,914,
Solaire’s 1,926, City of Dream’s 1,781, and Resorts World’s 1,381.
Two big hotel-casinos are coming to Boracay soon. The
timing of their planned entry has added suspicion to the wholesale closure of
the island from tourism. It is possible that the forced closure with no government
compensation will drive many resorts to bankruptcy and this will open up new
space for new players like these two big hotel-casinos.
The Duterte administration’s wholesale closure of Boracay
for months is tantamount to indirect expropriation of private businesses. This
sends bad economic signals to local and foreign investors. It also sends a bad
political signal to the federalism push. The central government purports to
give more power to the provinces and regions then it moves to totally disempower
them. However you look at it, the move is bad for Philippine business, bad for
ordinary Filipinos.
--------------
See also:
BWorld 199, Charity and giving should not be legislated, March 27, 2018
BWorld 200, IPR in the ASEAN and plain packaging in the West, April 03, 2018
BWorld 201, Expanded environmental rights and anti-coal drama, April 05, 2018
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