* My column in BusinessWorld last January 6, 2020.
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Here is my modest list of important global and national
stories in the energy sector.
1. Stable world oil prices. After experiencing prices of
around $100 per barrel in 2011-2014, prices have generally gone down. From 2015
to 2019, we never saw prices reaching $80 a barrel, even for a day.
2. Stable world oil balance. World oil demand is rising
by 1.1 million barrels per day (mbpd) on average. Russia and Saudi-led OPEC
production was flat or declining — this should have resulted in rising oil
prices but it did not happen. The reason is rising US oil production, an
average of 1.55 mbpd yearly in 2017-2020. OPEC non-gas liquids (NGLs) rose
mildly (see Table 1). This is thanks to the US shale oil and gas revolution and
Trump’s “energy dominance” policy which neutralized the oil output cut by OPEC
and Russia.
3. No global carbon tax. The big annual climate fiesta —
aka UN Conference of Parties (COP) meeting 2019 in Madrid — failed to create
another scheme that would produce that elusive $100 billion/year of climate
money that was promised in Paris Agreement 2015. Many rich countries will not agree
to further bleed their people with more energy taxes.
4. US Congress phasing out wind-solar subsidies. The
investment tax credit, which reimburses 30% of the cost of new solar systems
will begin winding down in 2020, down to 10% for most companies by 2022. The
energy production tax credit, which gives wind power generators a roughly two
cent per kilowatt boost, will wind down in 2021, decreasing steadily until it
becomes zero in 2025 (Houston Chronicle, Dec. 26, 2019).
5. Energy consumption is down in the West. A June 2019
report by British Petroleum (BP) showed that after two decades, primary energy
consumption in the West is flat or declining but it is rising in Asia (except
Japan). The data covers not only electricity generation but also oil-gas
consumption for transportation (land, sea, air), agriculture, etc.
6. Coal consumption remains high. Despite rising global
climate and anti-coal rhetoric, coal consumption remains high even in “greenie”
countries like Japan, Germany, Australia, and South Korea. The Philippines
remains bullied by anti-coal activists despite its very small coal consumption
compared to its neighbors and greenie countries (see Table 2).
China in particular built 38 gigawatts (GW) of new coal
power capacity in 2016, 35 GW in 2017, 43 GW in 2018 to June 2019, plus another
121 GW under construction.
7. Yellow-red alerts in Luzon grid from March-July 2019.
Among the reasons for the alerts, No. 1 is there are many old, ageing big
conventional plants, and unscheduled and longer maintenance shutdown. Some 40%
of all power plants in Luzon are 20 years or older, especially oil and
geothermal plants. Reason No. 2 for the many alerts is that many new additions
in the power mix are intermittent, unreliable, weather-dependent wind-solar
that cannot provide big, dispatchable power. (See Table 3).
8. No new peaking plants constructed. That’s reason No. 3
for all the yellow-red alerts. New capacity additions and committed projects in
Luzon grid are: 800 MW coal, 74 MW biomass and hydro in 2019; 1,336 coal, 12.6
hydro in 2020; 600 coal, 650 gas, 3 hydro in 2021; 31 MW geothermal in 2022.
Not even a 1 MW oil-based peaking plant to address demand spikes during rush
hours was built or under construction.
9. ERC-proposed lower secondary cap at WESM. That’s
reason No. 4 for the yellow-red alerts and why no peaking plants were
constructed — so the yellow-red alerts of 2019 will be repeated in 2020. And so
many companies are buying big gensets as their own peaking plants in their
backyard.
10. EPIRA TRO. The retail competition and open access
(RCOA) provision of the EPIRA law of 2001 (Electric Power Industry Reform Act,
RA 9136) remains suspended after the Supreme Court TRO of February 2017. Three
years of continuing uncertainty in retail competition has greatly affected the
power supply planning of generation companies while giving some pampered
electric cooperatives zero competition in their localities.
More government energy intervention — in giving subsidies
to intermittent renewables, in power price control at the Wholesale Electricity
Spot Market, in limited retail power supply and competition, etc. — is not good
for the consumers.
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