Friday, February 06, 2015

IPR and Innovation 20: The GIPC Intellectual Property Index, 2015 Report

(Note: This paper is reposted in www.capx.co,  Thanks Zac.)

The GIPC International IP Index, 3rd Edition, 2015 Report was released yesterday by the Global Intellectual Property Center (GIPC) of the US Chamber of Commerce, Washington DC. Thirty (30) countries were covered (vs. 25 countries in the 2014 Report) and assessed on six IP categories: 
(1) Patents, Related Rights, and Limitations; (2) Copyrights, Related Rights, and Limitations;
(3) Trademarks, Related Rights, and Limitations; (4) Trade Secrets and Market Access;
(5) Enforcement; and (6) Membership and Ratification of International Treaties. 

The highest possible score that a country can get is 30 points, and here is the Overall economy result.


The Philippines is not among the 30 countries covered, maybe in  the 2016 or 2017 Report. Notice the bottom 4, all from Asia. But in good position/ranks are Singapore (5th), S. Korea (8th), Japan (9th), Malaysia (12th) and Taiwan (13th).

In the 2014 Report covering 25 countries, this is the overall economy result.


This chart is interesting. IP Protection and foreign direct investment  (FDI): Case Study of the Life Sciences in Terms of Clinical Trial Activity. Positive relations of course, meaning as the score in  the IP  Index (ie, more/strong IP protection) rises,  the number of volunteers for  the  clinical trials also rise. A number of Asian economies though remain at the bottom.


Focus or zoom  in on the top four and bottom four. If the Philippines was included in  this study, its score  would most likely be within  the range  of Thailand and Indonesia.


In summary, the report shows positive relationship between Strong IP rights

* and R&D expenditure: Companies in economies with advanced IP systems are 40% more likely to invest in R&D.

* and high-value job growth: Economies with favorable IP regimes employ more than half their workforce in knowledge-intensive sectors.

* and foreign direct investment (FDI): Strong IP protections in the life sciences sector account for 40% of life sciences investment. Additionally, economies with beneficial IP protection see 9–10 times more life sciences investment than economies with weak IP protections.

* and innovative activity: Economies with robust IP environments yield 50% more innovative output compared with economies with IP regimes in need of improvement.

Amen to these conclusions. And thanks to the GIPC for coming up with this annual report.

I have debated in the past, two groups  of anti-IPR activists. The first are the socialists, they argue that private property ownership, both physical and non-physical/intellectual, should belong to the state and/or the public domain. The second are the libertarian anarchists, they argue that while private ownership of physical goods is justified, private ownership of IP is not because the use of ideas like an e-book, a song, etc. is non-competing, non-exclusive. IPR only protects  the  big companies, the cronies, they add.

The two groups are wrong, of course. They treat or assume that ideas from some scholars and inventors are similar. So the use of those  ideas are non-exclusive. Nope,  not all ideas are similar or the same. Most ideas are lousy if not outright stupid, they are numerous, they do  not need protection  because their supply is unlimited, unrelenting.

In contrast, bright ideas are scarce and limited. They need protection so  that mediocre ideas and minds cannot simply copy them and say, “Oh I/we also invented or  composed that.”

Scientific American (SA) magazine also develops its own international IP index called "World View" and its assessment for the Philippines are as follows:

"A FIGHT FOR THE PHILIPPINES

Intensity & workforce make the difference. In an unwanted three-peat, the Philippines landed in the Bottom Five again this year. Moreover, it is the only member of this year’s group that also held the distinction last year. All of the other countries—Indonesia, India, Ukraine and Argentina—escaped the Bottom Five in 2013.

As in the Top Five, Productivity does not make the difference. In fact, all of these countries perform poorly in that category, which could further drive down their scores in some other categories, thereby reducing their overall innovation ranking. In general, two categories—Intensity and Education/Workforce—suggest the source of the problem in the Philippines’s biotech innovation potential. Among the other countries in the Bottom Five, the Philippines tied with the Ukraine for the lowest Intensity score of the bunch. Then, in Education/Workforce, the Philippines received the lowest score of any of the countries in this group. Interestingly, the Philippines earned the best IP Protection score of the bottom cohort, which suggests that biotech innovation could at least be safely developed there from a profit potential. This should offer hope to the country’s biotech industry.

All of the Bottom Five countries perform poorly in our Policy and Stability category, and that’s never good for business, at least not legitimate ones. Improvements here could go a long way toward developing a successful biotech industry in these nations."

There is a positive news for the Philippines, though.

Copyright-based industries (CBIs) nudged up their contribution to the Philippine economy amid the expansion of companies in the creative field.

In a study, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) said CBIs' economic contribution climbed to 7.34 percent of the Philippines' gross domestic product (GDP) in 2010 from 4.82 percent in 2006.
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See also:
On IPR abolition 16: Debate with Teddy Boy Locsin, August 24, 2012 
On IPR Abolition 17: Copyright by a Government Corporation, September 07, 2013

On IPR Abolition 18: Patent, Copyright and Jeffrey Tucker, May 15, 2013 

IPR and Innovation 19: The Policy Workshop Seminar in Hong Kong, October 21, 2014 

IPR and Medicines 32: The Policy Workshop's Hong Kong Dialogue, October 28, 2014

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